对异常进行测试
对异常进行测试
Example 2.10, “使用 @expectedException 标注”展示了如何用 @expectedException
标注来测试被测代码中是否抛出了异常。
Example 2.10. 使用 @expectedException 标注
<?php
class ExceptionTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
*/
public function testException()
{
}
}
?>
phpunit ExceptionTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
F
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb
There was 1 failure:
1) ExceptionTest::testException
Expected exception InvalidArgumentException
FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.
另外,你可以将 @expectedExceptionMessage
、@expectedExceptionMessageRegExp
和 @expectedExceptionCode
与 @expectedException
联合使用,来对异常的讯息与代号进行测试,如Example 2.11, “使用 @expectedExceptionMessage
、@expectedExceptionMessageRegExp
和 @expectedExceptionCode
标注”所示。
Example 2.11. 使用 @expectedExceptionMessage
、@expectedExceptionMessageRegExp
和 @expectedExceptionCode
标注
<?php
class ExceptionTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
* @expectedExceptionMessage Right Message
*/
public function testExceptionHasRightMessage()
{
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Some Message', 10);
}
/**
* @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
* @expectedExceptionMessageRegExp #Right.*#
*/
public function testExceptionMessageMatchesRegExp()
{
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Some Message', 10);
}
/**
* @expectedException InvalidArgumentException
* @expectedExceptionCode 20
*/
public function testExceptionHasRightCode()
{
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Some Message', 10);
}
}
?>
phpunit ExceptionTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
FFF
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 3.00Mb
There were 3 failures:
1) ExceptionTest::testExceptionHasRightMessage
Failed asserting that exception message 'Some Message' contains 'Right Message'.
2) ExceptionTest::testExceptionMessageMatchesRegExp
Failed asserting that exception message 'Some Message' matches '#Right.*#'.
3) ExceptionTest::testExceptionHasRightCode
Failed asserting that expected exception code 20 is equal to 10.
FAILURES!
Tests: 3, Assertions: 6, Failures: 3.
关于 @expectedExceptionMessage
、@expectedExceptionMessageRegExp
和 @expectedExceptionCode
,分别在the section called “@expectedExceptionMessage”、the section called “@expectedExceptionMessageRegExp” 和 the section called “@expectedExceptionCode”有更多相关范例。
此外,还可以用 setExpectedException()
或 setExpectedExceptionRegExp()
方法来设定所预期的异常,如Example 2.12, “预期被测代码将引发异常”所示。
Example 2.12. 预期被测代码将引发异常
<?php
class ExceptionTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testException()
{
$this->setExpectedException('InvalidArgumentException');
}
public function testExceptionHasRightMessage()
{
$this->setExpectedException(
'InvalidArgumentException', 'Right Message'
);
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Some Message', 10);
}
public function testExceptionMessageMatchesRegExp()
{
$this->setExpectedExceptionRegExp(
'InvalidArgumentException', '/Right.*/', 10
);
throw new InvalidArgumentException('The Wrong Message', 10);
}
public function testExceptionHasRightCode()
{
$this->setExpectedException(
'InvalidArgumentException', 'Right Message', 20
);
throw new InvalidArgumentException('The Right Message', 10);
}
}
?>
phpunit ExceptionTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
FFFF
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 3.00Mb
There were 4 failures:
1) ExceptionTest::testException
Expected exception InvalidArgumentException
2) ExceptionTest::testExceptionHasRightMessage
Failed asserting that exception message 'Some Message' contains 'Right Message'.
3) ExceptionTest::testExceptionMessageMatchesRegExp
Failed asserting that exception message 'The Wrong Message' contains '/Right.*/'.
4) ExceptionTest::testExceptionHasRightCode
Failed asserting that expected exception code 20 is equal to 10.
FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 8, Failures: 4.
Table 2.1, “用于对异常进行测试的方法 ”中列举了用于对异常进行测试的各种方法。
Table 2.1. 用于对异常进行测试的方法
方法 | 含义 |
---|---|
void setExpectedException(string $exceptionName[, string $exceptionMessage = '', integer $exceptionCode = NULL]) | 设定预期的 $exceptionName 、$exceptionMessage 和 $exceptionCode 。 |
void setExpectedExceptionRegExp(string $exceptionName[, string $exceptionMessageRegExp = '', integer $exceptionCode = NULL]) | 设定预期的 $exceptionName 、$exceptionMessageRegExp 和 $exceptionCode 。 |
String getExpectedException() | 返回预期异常的名称。 |
可以用 Example 2.13, “另一种对异常进行测试的方法” 中所示方法来对异常进行测试。
Example 2.13. 另一种对异常进行测试的方法
<?php
class ExceptionTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
public function testException() {
try {
// ... 预期会引发异常的代码 ...
}
catch (InvalidArgumentException $expected) {
return;
}
$this->fail('预期的异常未出现。');
}
}
?>
当Example 2.13, “另一种对异常进行测试的方法” 中预期会引发异常的代码并没有引发异常时,后面对 fail()
的调用将会中止测试,并通告测试有问题。如果预期的异常出现了,将执行 catch
代码块,测试将会成功结束。