PostgreSQL WHENEVER
WHENEVER — 指定一个要在一个 SQL 语句导致发生一个特定类别的情况时要采取的动作
大纲
WHENEVER { NOT FOUND | SQLERROR | SQLWARNING } action
描述
定义一个行为,它会在 SQL 执行结果的特殊情况(行未找到、SQL 警告或错误)中被调用。
参数
参数描述见第 35.8.1 节。
例子
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND CONTINUE;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO BREAK;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO CONTINUE;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLWARNING SQLPRINT;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLWARNING DO warn();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR sqlprint;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CALL print2();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO handle_error("select");
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sqlnotice(NULL, NONO);
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sqlprint();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO error_label;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR STOP;
一个典型的应用是使用WHENEVER NOT FOUND BREAK
来处理通过结果集的循环:
int
main(void)
{
EXEC SQL CONNECT TO testdb AS con1;
EXEC SQL SELECT pg_catalog.set_config('search_path', '', false); EXEC SQL COMMIT;
EXEC SQL ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR d;
EXEC SQL DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR SELECT current_database(), 'hoge', 256;
EXEC SQL OPEN cur;
/* 当到达结果集末尾时,跳出循环 */
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO BREAK;
while (1)
{
EXEC SQL FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO SQL DESCRIPTOR d;
...
}
EXEC SQL CLOSE cur;
EXEC SQL COMMIT;
EXEC SQL DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR d;
EXEC SQL DISCONNECT ALL;
return 0;
}
兼容性
SQL 标准中说明了WHENEVER
,但是大部分动作是 PostgreSQL 扩展。