描述

该语句用来在数据库中创建一张新表。

格式

CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name
      (table_definition_list) [table_option_list] [partition_option] [AS] select;

CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name
      LIKE table_name;

table_definition_list:
    table_definition [, table_definition ...]

table_definition:
      column_definition
    | [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name]] PRIMARY KEY index_desc
    | [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name]] UNIQUE {INDEX | KEY} [index_name] index_desc
    | {INDEX | KEY} [index_name] index_desc
    | FULLTEXT [INDEX | KEY] [index_name] fulltext_index_desc

column_definition_list:
    column_definition [, column_definition ...]

column_definition:
    column_name data_type
    [DEFAULT const_value] [AUTO_INCREMENT]
    [NULL | NOT NULL] [[PRIMARY] KEY] [UNIQUE [KEY]] comment

index_desc:
   (column_desc_list) [index_type] [index_option_list]

fulltext_index_desc:
   (column_desc_list) CTXCAT(column_desc_list) [index_option_list]

column_desc_list:
    column_desc [, column_desc ...]

column_desc:
     column_name [(length)] [ASC | DESC]

index_type:
    USING BTREE

index_option_list:
    index_option [ index_option ...]

index_option:
      [GLOBAL | LOCAL]
    | block_size
    | compression
    | STORING(column_name_list)
    | comment

table_option_list:
    table_option [ table_option ...]

table_option:
      [DEFAULT] {CHARSET | CHARACTER SET} [=] charset_name
    | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name
    | primary_zone
    | replica_num
    | table_tablegroup
    | block_size
    | compression
    | AUTO_INCREMENT [=] INT_VALUE
    | comment
    | DUPLICATE_SCOPE [=] "none|zone|region|cluster"
    | LOCALITY [=] "locality description"
    | ROW_FORMAT [=] REDUNDANT|COMPACT|DYNAMIC|COMPRESSED|DEFAULT
    | PCTFREE [=] num

partition_option:
      PARTITION BY HASH(expression)
      [subpartition_option] PARTITIONS partition_count
    | PARTITION BY KEY([column_name_list])
      [subpartition_option] PARTITIONS partition_count
    | PARTITION BY RANGE {(expression) | COLUMNS (column_name_list)}
      [subpartition_option] (range_partition_list)
    | PARTITION BY LIST {(expression) | COLUMNS (column_name_list)}
      [subpartition_option] PARTITIONS partition_count

subpartition_option:
      SUBPARTITION BY HASH(expression)
      SUBPARTITIONS subpartition_count
    | SUBPARTITION BY KEY(column_name_list)
      SUBPARTITIONS subpartition_count
    | SUBPARTITION BY RANGE {(expression) | COLUMNS (column_name_list)}
      (range_subpartition_list)
    | SUBPARTITION BY LIST(expression)

range_partition_list:
    range_partition [, range_partition ...]

range_partition:
    PARTITION partition_name
    VALUES LESS THAN {(expression_list) | MAXVALUE}

range_subpartition_list:
    range_subpartition [, range_subpartition ...]

range_subpartition:
    SUBPARTITION subpartition_name
    VALUES LESS THAN {(expression_list) | MAXVALUE}

expression_list:
    expression [, expression ...]

column_name_list:
    column_name [, column_name ...]

partition_name_list:
    partition_name [, partition_name ...]

partition_count | subpartition_count:
    INT_VALUE

参数说明

举例

• 创建数据库表。

CREATE TABLE test (c1 int primary key, c2 VARCHAR(50)) REPLICA_NUM = 3, PRIMARY_ZONE = 'zone1';

• 创建一个复制表。

CREATE TABLE item(id int, name varchar(10)) DUPLICATE_SCOPE="cluster";

• 创建带索引的表。

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 int primary key, c2 int, c3 int, index i1 (c2));

• 创建 hash 分区，分区数为 8 的表。

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 int primary key, c2 int) partition by hash(c1) partitions 8;

• 创建一级分区为 range 分区，二级分区为 key 分区的表。

 CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int)
     partition by range(c1) subpartition by key(c2, c3) subpartitions 5
     (partition p0 values less than(0), partition p1 values less than(100));

• 创建一列为 gbk, 一列为 utf8 的表。

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 varchar(10),
                 c2 varchar(10) charset gbk collate gbk_bin)
  default charset utf8 collate utf8mb4_general_ci;

• 开启 encoding 并使用 zstd 压缩，宏块保留空间为 5%。

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 int, c2 int, c3 varchar(64))
  compression 'zstd_1.0'
  ROW_FORMAT dynamic
  pctfree 5;